Virus classification

It involves naming and placing viruses into a taxonomic system. Like the comparatively consistent classification systems seen for cellular organisms, virus classification is the subject of ongoing debate and proposal. This is mainly due to the pseudo-living nature of viruses, which are not yet definitively living or non-living. As such, they do not fit neatly into the recognized biological classification system in place for cellular organisms, such as plants and animals.

Virus classification is based chiefly on phenotypic characteristics, including morphology, nucleic acid type, and mode of replication, host organisms, and the kind of disease they cause. A mixture of two main schemes is currently in widespread use for the classification of viruses. David Baltimore, a Nobel Prize-winning biologist, devised the Baltimore classification system, which places viruses into one of seven groups. These groups are designated by Roman numerals and separate viruses based on their mode of replication, and genome type. Accompanying this broad method of classification are exact naming conventions and further classification strategy set out by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.

Billboard

A billboard is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), naturally found in high traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertisements to passing pedestrians and drivers. Typically showing large, amusing slogans and distinctive visuals, billboards are extremely visible in the top selected market areas.

Bulletins are the largest, most impact standard-size billboards. Located primarily on major highways, expressways or principal arterials, they authority high-density consumer exposure (mostly to vehicular traffic). Bulletins afford greatest visibility due not only to their size, but because they allow imaginative "customizing" through extensions and embellishments.

Poster is the another type of advertising in the form of billboard advertising, located chiefly in marketable and industrial areas on primary and secondary major roads. Posters are a smaller format than bulletins and are viewed principally by residents and commuter traffic, with some walker exposure.

British Empire

The British Empire was the main empire in history and for a considerable time was the leading global power. It was a product of the European age of discovery, which began with the maritime explorations of the 15th century that spark the age of the European colonial empires.

By 1921, the British Empire detained bend over a population of about 458 million people, about one-quarter of the world's population. It enclosed about 36.6 million km² (14.2 million square miles), about a quarter of Earth's total land area. As a result, its inheritance is widespread, in legal and governmental systems, educational system, militarily, economic practice, sports (such as cricket, rugby and football), traffic practices (such as driving on the left), and in the global extend of the English language. At the peak of its power, it was frequently said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire" because its span crossways the globe ensured that the sun was always shining on at least one of its numerous colonies or subject nations.

During the five decades following World War II, most of the territories of the Empire became independent. Many went on to join the Commonwealth of Nations, a free organization of independent states.

Sumo

Sumo is a spirited contact sport where two wrestlers (rikishi) attempt to force one another out of a circular ring (dohyo) or to stroke the ground with anything other than the soles of the feet. The sport originates in Japan, the only country where it is experienced professionally. The Japanese consider sumo a gendai budō (a modern Japanese martial art), though the sport has a history with a leg on each side of many centuries.

The sumo tradition is very ancient and even today the sport include many ritual elements, such as the use of salt for sanitization, from the days sumo was used in the Shinto religion. Life as a rikishi is extremely regimented, with rules laid down by the Sumo Association. Professional sumo wrestlers are necessary to live in communal "sumo training stables" known in Japanese as heya where all aspect of their daily lives - from meals to their way of dress - is dictating by strict tradition.

Records management

Records management, or RM, is the practice of identifying, classifying, archiving, preserving, and destroying records. The ISO 15489: 2001 standard defines it as The field of management in charge for the efficient and systematic control of the creation, receipt, maintenance, use and nature of records, including the processes for capturing and maintaining proof of and information about business activities and transactions in the form of records.

The ISO defines records as information created, received, and maintained as evidence and information by an organization or person, in pursuance of legal obligation or in the transaction of business. The International Council on Archives (ICA) Committee on Electronic Records defines a record as, recorded information fashioned or received in the start, conduct or completion of an institutional or individual activity and that comprises content, context and structure enough to provide evidence of the activity. While the definition of a record is often recognized strongly with a document, a record can be either a tangible object or digital information which has value to an organization. For example, birth certificates, medical x-rays, office documents, databases, application data, and e-mail are all examples of records. Records are to be managed according to their value to the organization quite than their physical or logical characteristics.

The other crucial aspect of the above definitions is their reliable reference to records as evidence. Indeed, records management can be seen as being mainly concerned with the identification and management of the evidence of an organization's business activities.